There are other muscles in the face and head that are not as important in creating facial expressions as the muscle listed separately. The role they play in situations where expressions occur is relatively unexplored.
The Temporoparietalis muscle originates in the fascia above the ear and inserts into tissues near the ear lobe. It acts to tighten the scalp in the temporal area. The Auriculares
muscles are the muscles that wiggle the ears. There are three of them above, in front and behind the ear lobe that originate in fascia of the scalp and insert into areas near the earlobe. They are usually vestigal and funtionless in humans, but some people can use and control them to wiggle their ears.
The Temporalis muscle originates in the scalp above the temporal region and inserts into the upper part of the jaw. It acts to elevate the jaw and clench the teeth. The Pterygoideus
muscles (internal and external) position and rotate the mandible and are important in chewing. |